Extreme temperature indices are a matter of serious concern to human as well as ecological activities. They are directly or indirectly affect the health, agriculture and socioeconomic progress. Regional-scale heat wave analysis is highly important for obtaining firsthand information about the impact of extreme temperature. This study examines the trends and variability in frequency, and intensity of warm/cold days/nights to assess the impact of climate change over ten districts of western Odisha and five districts of neighboring Chhattisgarh. Though this region is industrialized, its population is highly vulnerable socioeconomic conditions within India. This study examines daily maximum and minimum temperature during the summer months (i.e., March, April and May) for 30 years (i.e., 1988-2017) over this region, using the ERA-Interim data sets at horizontal resolution of 12 km. Results suggest that the daily maximum, minimum and mean temperature over the study region increase at the rate of 0.006 degrees C, 0.012 degrees C and 0.017 degrees C per year, respectively. Alarmingly, frequency and intensity of warm night have increased, whereas frequency and intensity of cold nights have decreased over the years. Raigarh in Chhattisgarh has the highest increasing trend of warm night frequency (0.13 times/year) followed by Jharsuguda, Sundargarh and Sambalpur in Odisha. In addition, Sundargarh has the highest increasing trend of warm day (night) intensity similar to 0.065 days/year (similar to 0.07 days/year) followed by Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Raigarh and Janjgir Champa. The frequency of cold days in all districts shows negative trends with highest (-0.06 times/year) in Sambalpur. Three-day trend values, highest over Sundargarh, for the warm (cold) nights are similar to 0.05 days/year (similar to-0.05 days/year). Evidently, numbers of warm nights have increased, and those of cold nights have decreased over this region.