We use the Greenhouse gas Ð Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) integrated assessment model (Amman et al, 2008a; 2008b) to estimate air pollutant emissions from coal fired power plants, consequent human exposure to particulate matter (PM) and the potential life shortening effect of this exposure. Following other researchers, the health impact estimate adopted in this paper is the loss of life expectancy associated with long term exposure to fine particle exposure (PM).