To the Editor: Global climatic changes have resulted in more natural disasters worldwide. These natural disasters can then cause outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases, including leptospirosis and melioidosis (1Ð7). In 2009, the moderate-strength Typhoon Morakot, with a maximum cumulative rainfall amount up to 3,059.5 mm, damaged Taiwan. After this natural disaster, unusual epidemics of leptospirosis and melioidosis occurred. The main objective of this study was to clarify whether these epidemics have resulted from this natural disaster.