The global spread of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, an urban pest as well as a vector for arboviruses, is a threat for public health. As control measures include the use of insecticides such as the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin, it is crucial to assess their efficiency and their potential impact on the biodiversity especially under climate change conditions. To evaluate the environmental risk, biotests are well established for non-target organisms but not yet for mosquitoes. We therefore developed a full-lifecycle biotest for mosquitoes kept under quarantine conditions based on the OECD guideline 219. Therewith we tested the effect of temperature and nutrition on the ecotoxicological response to lambda-cyhalothrin on the mosquitoes Ae. albopictus and Culex pipiens by assessing sublethal and life history parameters. The efficiency of kcyhalothrin decreased in both mosquito species with increasing temperature and changed with feeding protocol. At effective concentrations for potential mosquito control in surface waters, lambda-cyhalothrin poses a high risk for indigenous aquatic key role species inhabiting the same microhabitats. Those aspects should to be taken into account in vector control strategies.