An umbrella review of relevant systematic reviews was
conducted across multiple peer-reviewed literature
databases, identifying 6902 records, of which 317 full
texts were screened. From the full text screening,
26 reviews presented quantitative estimates of both
changes in greenhouse gas emissions and health
outcomes. 200 mitigation actions were identified across
all sectors, of which 178 (89%) presented modelled
estimates of the effects of climate mitigation actions on
greenhouse gas emissions and health across different
sectors and scales. We converted mitigation actions to
CO2 equivalents (CO2eq) to allow the inclusion of other
greenhouse gases alongside CO2. We quantified health
outcomes in terms of health co-impact intensity (an
increase or decrease in years of life lost [YLL] per
100000 population per year) and climate benefits as
carbon mitigation intensity (kilotonnes of CO2eq per
100000 population per year).