The 2023 WHO review of Health in Nationally Determined Contributions and long-term strategies provides a snapshot of the overall progress governments have made in addressing the health risks of climate change to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement.

This report synthesizes information from the latest available NDCs, communicated by 193 Parties to the Paris Agreement and recorded in the official registry of the UNFCCC, as of 23 September 2022.

The report also synthesizes information from the latest available LT-LEDS, communicated by 62 Parties to the Paris Agreement and recorded on the UNFCCC website, as of 23 September 2022.

The report builds on a 2019 WHO review of health in NDCs. The scope of indicators has been significantly expanded to capture progress in the quantity and quality of health measures in the NDCs. A total of 166 Parties have communicated a new or updated NDC since the 2019 WHO review, including nine Parties that have submitted an NDC for the first time.

Wherever possible, the 2023 WHO review adheres to reviewing methodologies used by the UNFCCC, to allow for comparisons with other sectors and action areas.

This document is intended to complement the WHO guidance for healthy Nationally Determined Contributions and long-term strategies [in press] and aims to inform the design of health targets and policies in NDCs and LT-LEDS to the Paris Agreement.