Globally, there is a global lack of high-quality and policy-relevant research on health, migration and displacement. There is also lack of clarity about which knowledge gaps should be addressed in order to advance progress towards the most urgent global public health objectives, such as within the Sustainable Development Goals and the WHO Triple Billion Targets. To address these global evidence gaps, the WHO Department of Health and Migration undertook a consultative research agenda setting process to build consensus with over 180 stakeholders across all regions, culminating in a global research agenda. This publication sets out five research themes to be addressed over the next five years. It also includes an Implementation Guide and Toolkit for other actors to adapt and expand upon the research agenda at regional, national and local levels. It provides a roadmap to strengthen global research collaborations and calls for urgent investment in research and the translation of evidence into policy and practice to support leaders at all levels in creating inclusive and responsive health care systems for migrants, refugees and other displaced populations.