Climate hazards, including extreme heat, are associated with increased risks of
developing complications that lead to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
These may include multiple causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and
mortality such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,
preterm birth, low birth weight and stillbirth.
In addition to the health risks related to poor nutrition, water, hygiene and
sanitation, the effects of exposure to climate hazards and their aftermath during
and after pregnancy can affect mental health and contribute to intergenerational
trauma. They may increase stress, anxiety and depression – known risk factors
for adverse perinatal outcomes.