Chapter 3 of the Health Effects of Climate Change (HECC) in the UK: 2023 report. The chapter highlights the range of adverse impacts that flooding from rivers, surface water and coastal waters, can have on health. These include direct (such as death and injury) and indirect (for example, increased risk of infectious disease outbreaks) impacts, as well as distal impacts for example from interruption of water or power supply and disruption in access to health and care services. Flooding has a major and protracted impact on mental health and wellbeing. People who experience flooding are at higher risk of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with mental health effects made worse by certain factors including displacement particularly without warning, extent of flood damage in the home, disruption to utilities or health services and secondary stressors including dealing with insurance claims.