This paper estimates the moderating effect of soil organic carbon content (a measure of soil health) on child health in response to rainfall shocks in a low-income country setting. Focusing on rural India, I leverage the Demographic and Health Survey data set and high-resolution spatial data on soil organic carbon content and meteorological variables. The results show that a high level of soil organic carbon significantly reduces the negative impact of rainfall shock on children's weight-for-height z-scores, but not on height-for-age z-scores.